Author: bommakanti

WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF SCIATICA?

Post author By bommakanti
Post date March 23, 2022
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WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF SCIATICA? : Explained by brain tumor surgeon Dr.Kalyan Bommakanti, M.Ch

Sciatica is a term used to describe pain in the leg caused by compression or irritation of the sciatic nerve. The Sciatic nerve is the longest nerve present in the body that travels through the lower back to the leg. Usually, sciatica affects only one side of the body; it can also affect both sides.

Sciatica may be caused by various conditions, including:

1.FACET JOINT ARTHRITIS

The facet joints are the ones located on the posterior aspect of the spine. As these joints are in a continuous weight-bearing position, the cartilage around their ends can tear down and become thin followed by friction and inflammation of the affected joint. This is called Facet joint arthritis.

Facet joint problems in the lumbar region can cause low back pain and can cause sharp and shooting radicular leg pain (sciatica) if there is the involvement of the sciatic nerve. It can also cause muscle weakness and fatigue in the area involved.

2.LUMBAR SPINAL STENOSIS

Spinal stenosis is narrowing of the spinal canal. It causes a reduction in the space for the structures passing through, hence impinging them. It is most commonly found in older adults of 60 plus age, and in the elderly population, lateral stenosis may be common.

3.DEGENERATIVE DISC DISEASE

It is the natural breakdown of the discs present between the vertebras. Degenerative intervertebral discs tend to produce inflammatory proteins, causing inflammation of the sciatic nerve. The discs are reduced in size after the breakdown, causing spinal stenosis as well.

4.SPONDYLOLISTHESIS:

Spondylolisthesis occurs when a vertebra slips out of alignment over the other, causing the narrowing of the exit of the spine. The protruded bone pinches the sciatic nerve. It can be caused by the degeneration of the vertebra/disc or fracture. Spondylolisthesis can cause bilateral sciatica and is more common in young adults.

5.OSTEOARTHRITIS

Lumbar osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease that causes cartilage deterioration in the vertebral joints. It also causes inflammation of the joints, which results in pain and stiffness. The inflamed facet joints eventually compress the sciatic nerve.

Dr.Kalyan Bommkanti is one of the best neurosurgeons in hyderabad and is also one of the best
spine surgeons in hyderabad. He received training in endoscopic spine surgeries, also known
as key hole spine surgery or minimally invasive spine surgery. He has experience in treating a
number of complicated brain surgeries, complicated spine surgeries like complex brain tumors,
complex spine tumors, complicated spine fractures, complicated head injuries. He has an
extensive experience in teaching junior doctors.

He consults and operates at: (For appointment WhatsApp on 8520003683)
Global Gleneagles hospital,Lakdikapul, Hyderabad.
Aware Global Gleneagles hospital, L.B. Nagar, Bairamulguda, Hyderabad.
Kalyan’s Neuro and Spine clinic, Kharkhana, Secunderabad.
Shenoy hospital, East Marredpally, Hyderabad.
Prasad Hospitals, Nacharam, Hyderabad.

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What are the benefits of key hole spine surgery?

Post author By bommakanti
Post date March 22, 2022
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**What are the benefits of back surgery?** **: Explained by brain tumor surgeon Dr.Kalyan Bommakanti, M.Ch**

Back pain is extremely common, and surgery often does not help. Find out what’s causing your pain and whether surgery may be able to relieve it.

Many back pains resolve on their own within three months without any intervention. The majority of back pains can be relieved by back surgery, but it is rarely necessary. Family doctors deal with a lot of low back pain. It is usually treated nonsurgically – such as anti-inflammatory drugs, heat, and physical therapy.

Would you benefit from back surgery?

When conservative treatments are not working and your pain is persistent and disabling, back surgery may be the best option. Back surgery can relieve associated pain or numbness that travels down one or both arms or legs.

Nerve compression may result in these symptoms. Various factors can cause nerve compression in the spine, including:

Disk problems. Bulging or ruptured (herniated) disks – the rubbery cushions that separate the bones of the spine – can sometimes press too tightly against spinal nerves and compromise their function.

Overgrowth of bone. Bone spurs can form on your spine due to osteoarthritis. These bone spurs most commonly affect the hinge joints on the lower part of your spine and can narrow the openings where nerves can pass.

Even if your X-rays show that you have disk problems or bone spurs, it can be hard to determine the exact cause of your back pain. X-rays taken for other reasons often show bulging or herniated disks that do not cause symptoms and may not require treatment.

Back surgeries types

A variety of back surgeries are available, including:

Diskectomy. Diskectomy involves removing a herniated portion of a disk to relieve nerve irritation and inflammation. The back portion of a vertebra is removed in order to access the ruptured disk.

Laminectomy. During this procedure, the bone that covers the spinal canal is removed, enlarging the spinal canal and relieving nerve pressure caused by spinal stenosis.

Fusion. A spinal fusion is the permanent joining of two or more vertebrae in your spine. It is sometimes used to reduce or eliminate painful motion between vertebrae caused by degenerated or injured disks.

Artificial disks. Spinal fusion is an alternative to implanted artificial disks in cases where degenerating or injured disks cause pain between two vertebrae. However, these relatively new devices aren’t available for most people.

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The Purpose of Discectomy, Post-Operative Pain Management & Rehabilitation

Post author By bommakanti
Post date March 16, 2022
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**The advantages and disadvantages of back surgery** **: Explained by brain tumor surgeon Dr.Kalyan Bommakanti, M.Ch**

Herniated discs are often diagnosed in people between 30 and 50 years of age and are twice as common among males than females[i]. Discectomy involves removing the herniated disc from the spine.

This article describes what a discectomy is and why it is performed in more detail. We will also discuss how physical therapy can benefit patients after discectomy, helping to manage postoperative pain and improve function and mobility.

How does a discectomy work?

The discectomy is a surgical procedure that can address any issues associated with a herniated disc pressing on the spinal cord or nerve root that leads to the spinal cord, including pain, numbness, and changes in sensation.

The natural result of aging is the degeneration of discs in the spine, leading to more susceptibility to herniation. People with a herniated disc often experience numbness and weakness alongside lower back pain. Treatment with medication or rest is considered if conservative treatment does not relieve symptoms.

Dissections may be performed in a number of ways, but minimally invasive procedures have been shown to reduce hospital stays and postoperative pain[ii]. However, your doctor will determine the most appropriate surgical technique for you.

An open discectomy, for example, involves removing the affected disc, leaving the surrounding bones, muscles, and soft tissues intact. Minimally invasive discectomy, on the other hand, leaves the surrounding bones, muscles, and soft tissues intact.

Introduction to Spine Anatomy

Stacking 24 different bones, called vertebrae, together makes up the spine. Vertebrae are connected by intervertebral discs, which function as shock absorbers and maintain adequate space for spinal nerves to exit the vertebral column. There are two main components in intervertebral discs: annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus. The annulus fibrosus takes the form of the tough outer layer of the disc while the nucleus pulpous takes the form of its jelly-like interior. This function is primarily accomplished by the nucleus pulposus, which is jelly-like in nature, while the annulus fibrosis works to maintain the nucleus pulposus centered in the disc.

Disc herniations are caused by a rupture or tear in the annulus fibrosis of the disc, causing the nucleus pulposus to bulge out of the disc. This bulging of the nucleus may result in pain, weakness or changes in sensation if the pressure is placed on the spinal cord. In order to relieve the pressure on these structures and address the symptoms that are being experienced, a discectomy can be performed to remove the herniated disc.

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The advantages and disadvantages of back surgery

Post author By bommakanti
Post date March 12, 2022
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Your doctor will have probably tried a number of treatments before recommending back surgery to ease your back pain or lower body weakness. While there is no guarantee the surgery will provide relief, there are plenty of options. Prepare yourself for back surgery by learning as much as you can. The more you know, the better your decision will be.

Which Benefits Are There?

Pain often goes down, but there is more to it than that.

You can move around more easily.
Your physical fitness is better.
It improves your mood.
The pain medicine dose doesn’t have to be as high.
Work can be resumed.
Working with you makes you more productive.

What are the risks?

Most people who get back surgery have minimal, if any, complications.

That said, any operation has some degree of risk, including:

Reaction to anSymptoms of anesthesia or other medications
Bleeding
Infection
Blood clots, such as those in your legs or lungs
Heart attack
Stroke
Herniated disk
Damage to the nerves can lead to weakness, paralysis, pain, sexual dysfunction, or loss of control of the bowels or bladder

People with certain health conditions are at a greater risk of having something go wrong. The risks also differ based on the type of surgery. Your surgeon’s job is to anticipate potential problems, so talk to him or her before you go in.

The surgery is the most common treatment for chronic nonspecific back pain with degenerative changes. During the procedure, the doctor joins spinal bones together, limiting the motion between them and how much your nerves can stretch.

However, it probably won’t limit your activity. The bones don’t always fuse completely. If that happens, you might need another surgery.

The laminectomy procedure. Surgery to relieve lumbar spinal stenosis is one of the most common treatments. In this procedure, a surgeon removes parts of the bones, bone spurs, or ligaments in your back. This relieves pressure on spinal nerves and relieves pain and weakness, but it may lead to poorer long-term stability.

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The Endoscopic Spine Surgery Difference

Post author By bommakanti
Post date March 12, 2022
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Each year in the United States, approximately 1.62 million instrumented spinal procedures are performed.1 Minimizing tissue trauma, tissue injuries, and post-operative pain help ensure a patient’s best recovery from back surgery. Fortunately, technology, equipment, instrumentation, and procedures for spine surgery have advanced tremendously over the years. Endoscopic Spine Surgery (ESS) is currently the best example of how far we’ve come in the treatment of our patients with back and neck pain. Let’s take a closer look.

How Is Endoscopic Spine Surgery Performed?

A micro-sized incision (less than 1-inch in diameter) and a small tube system used together with an endoscope to visualize the surgical field are the components of ESS.

The advancements in optics, visualization of tissues, and spinal imaging have made endoscopic surgery an attractive option for many patients, even though endoscopic surgery is commonly used to treat other parts of the body (e.g. gastrointestinal).

Endoscopic spine surgery is a minimally invasive advanced form of spine surgery that offers a faster recovery time and less recurring pain than conventional spine surgery methods.The ESS procedure can also preserve the normal range of spine mobility post-operation. Regional anesthesia can sometimes be used instead of general anesthesia, reducing overall medical risks for patients who are older or who have co-existing medical problems.

ESS is not the same as other types of spine surgery.

Traditional spine surgeries, such as minimally invasive, microinvasive, and/or laser spine surgery should not be confused with endoscopic spine surgery.Endoscopic spine surgery conducted by a spine surgeon skilled in the use of tubular retractor tools and an endoscope offers a variety of benefits for patients, including:

Injuries to soft tissues can be avoided with tubular retractors (e.g., soft tissues-to-muscle damage or injury).
There is less bleeding
Postoperative discomfort and pain are reduced
Healing and recovery as quickly as possible

The surgeon may recommend another spinal surgery procedure in those cases, such as traditional open or minimally invasive surgery. However, ESS may not be appropriate for all spine surgery indications, including scoliosis, spinal instability, cancer, or trauma.

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A procedure for endoscopic microdiscectomy

Post author By bommakanti
Post date March 10, 2022
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A minimally invasive endoscopic surgery known as an endoscopic microdiscectomy allows direct visualization of the disc and its nerve roots, which is used to decompress nerve roots that have been compressed by a compressed spinal disc. Patients with a herniated or compressed lumbar disc who do not benefit from pain management injections or conservative treatment are usually recommended to undergo this procedure. Alternatively, the pain after a pain management injection returns rapidly and it becomes intolerable.

There are many patients who suffer from sciatica, referred pain down either leg, and/or low back pain who may benefit from this procedure. It is also effective for treating low back arthritis and spinal stenosis pain.

How does a minimally invasive endoscopic microdiscectomy work?

A minimally invasive endoscopic procedure known as an endoscopic microdiscectomy allows direct visualization of the disc and the nerves. This is used to decompress damaged nerve roots caused by compressed spinal discs. The procedure is usually indicated for people with a herniated or compressed lumbar disc, for whom pain management injections and conservative treatment have failed to provide adequate pain relief.

This procedure may be beneficial for patients suffering from sciatica, referred pain down either leg, and/or low back pain. It can also alleviate pain associated with spinal stenosis and low back arthritis.

A microdiscectomy performed endoscopically has several benefits

Surgery with minimally invasive techniques – less trauma to muscles and soft tissues
Getting back to normal quickly
A minimal amount of pain or discomfort may result from the surgery
Leg pain is usually relieved immediately in most cases
Open spine surgery is riskier and has more complications
The scar is minimal and the incision is small
Therapy with high success rates and sustained success
Loss of blood is minimal or nonexistent
Anesthesia with local anesthetics
Control of treatment by visual endoscopic means
Mobility and hardware placement are not affected

Microdiscectomy: What are the indications?

A herniated disc that is causing pain in the back or legs, or neurological symptoms
Insufficient long-term relief from more conservative treatments, including pain management injections
An imaging study or diagnostic procedure reveals a high suspicion of discogenic cause

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